Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Industrial Psychology Is an Important Subject to Be Learned by All Students in Different Courses Apart from Human Resource Students free essay sample

The study of psychology is one of the most popular options taken by university students in Tanzania and around the world. Many courses include psychology as a fundamental or core module, and students from some courses are majoring in psychology subjects. What attracts them is mainly the content area, which is focusing on the study of people in all their diversity. The content area of psychology has relevance to diverse disciplines. For instance, medical practitioners are interested in the process of mental disorders or the therapeutic uses of psychological applications, business student may consider working in management or marketing, where an understanding of others within the organization or society is vital and there is a necessity to evaluate the impact of practices or products on people. Engineers need to take into account human factors in their designs, as indeed do computer professionals. Teachers need an understanding of their childrens developmental changes. These are just a sample of the possible productive combinations. Psychology has been defined by various scholars in different ways; It is an academic and applied field involving the study of behaviour, mind and thought and the subconscious neurological bases of behaviour (Wiki book). There are many skills that a student taking psychology acquire in the module. Hayes, (1996) have lately published a paper that focuses on the question of What makes a psychology graduate distinctive? She highlighted 13 different skills or attributes, the first six of which are relevant to other disciplines (though not usually found together in the same discipline) and the remainder are more specific to psychology itself. She listed the skills as; Literacy this is practiced in a range of formats, from essays to the more concise, structured format of laboratory reports. Numeracy training is providing in the presentation and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data, as well as its interpretation. Computer literacy from their first class psychology students use computers and become familiar with a range of applications, including word-processing and statistical analysis. Information-finding skills content dates readily, but finding out information means you can keep pace with those changes. Psychology students become familiar with library material, databases, and a range of other ways of gaining knowledge. Research skills training in research methodologies is central to psychology. The range of techniques is considerable, from observational and interview methods, surveys and questionnaires, to controlled laboratory experimentation. Measurement skills related to research skills, psychology students learn to operationalise complex processes, design surveys and develop new measurement instruments. Environmental awareness knowing how the surroundings (both physical and interpersonal) can influence people is important knowledge. Hayes states: Psychology graduates are familiar with this type of knowledge in many guises, ranging from traditional stimulus-response perspectives to the direct study of environmental psychology, and including issues such as nonverbal signalling, habit formation, and social appropriateness (Hayes, 1996, p. 132). Interpersonal awareness how social communication occurs, in its productive and maladaptive modes, is a focus. Additionally students gain an understanding of interpersonal conflict. This awareness can be useful in solving problems in many social and work-related contexts. Problem-solving skills Hayes (1996) considers that the capacity to deal with a diversity of different sorts of problems is the most distinctive characteristic of the psychology graduate (p. 132). The problems posed for psychology students require them to draw on a range of different strategies and techniques, on a spectrum from the broad ranging as in applying differing perspectives, through to fairly specific solutions. Critical evaluation recognising the problems and limitations of research and theoretical arguments is a central thread running through most psychology subjects. Hayes describes it as direct training in scepticism: students are expected to appraise whether what appears to be evidence for a phenomenon is really so; to evaluate, critically, the quality of an argument; to identify the shortcomings and pitfalls of a particular line of action; and to anticipate problems or difficulties (p. 132). Students often feel psychology lecturers are unduly negative, but being able to sift the wheat from the chaff is an important skill. Perspectives being able to look at problems from a variety of perspectives and being able to distinguish your perspective from that of others, can help you to see an issue more clearly. Higher-order analysis this involves being able to get beyond the details in order to see the overall pattern or as Hayes (1996, p. 133) describes being able to extract general principles rather than becoming bogged down with the details of the immediate situation. Pragmatism any research study operates within constraints. Psychology students learn to make the best of situations, and as such adopt a pragmatic style of working. There are a number of branches of psychology namely, industrial psychology, educational psychology, clinical psychology, developmental psychology, forensic psychology, child psychology, cognitive psychology, intelligence psychology, personality psychology, behaviour psychology, experimental psychology, social psychology, judgment psychology, Social Psychology; It is a branch of Psychology that deals with the study of individual behaviour in a society. Psychology is the study of mind and behaviour and the basic subject matter for the study of psychology is the individual difference. The individual becomes the part of a society by the process of socialization. The major and most determining part of socialization occurs in the early childhood. This is the time when the child learns all the social norms and values. Other reasons as to why should a student study psychology Psychology is exciting Is there a relationship between psychological disorders and brain biochemistry? Why do people dream? Can one person possess two or more distinct personalities at the same time? What are the physiological responses to stress? Psychology is challenging Does psychotherapy help people overcome psychological problems such as depression and anxiety? Can we change peoples attitudes? Can the study of cognitive disorders inform our understanding of normal cognition? Psychology is useful Psychology has a broad range of real world applications in everyday life, ranging from stress, health, mental illness, artificial intelligence and human-machine interaction, to personal development, social interaction and the environment, to name but a few. Psychology offers good career prospects. There are a large number of careers in psychology, but the skills you learn will also readily transfer to many other careers. These skills include oral and written communication, computer literacy, numeracy, problem-solving and the ability to carry out independent research. References Hayes, N. (1996). What makes a psychology graduate distinctive? European Psychologist, 1, 130-134. OHare, L. McGuiness, C. (2003). Skills and attributes developed by psychology undergraduates: ratings by undergraduates, postgraduates, academic psychologists and professional practitioners. Psychology Learning and Teaching, 4, 35-42. Roe, R. A. (2002). What makes a competent psychologist? European Psychologist, 7, 192-202. http://en. wikibooks. org/wiki/Introduction_to_Psychology

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